Bullshit: a prose-like substance which, on the first sight, looks like it has substance - but it's lacking it. Characterised by being order-of-magnitude harder to dismiss than to produce. It abuses norms of good-faith intellectual engagement. Truth: what actually is, not what someone believes or wishes to be. At odds with motivated reasoning. Reputation: a tool for saving effort on verifying claims from people who are repeatedly full of shit and/or bad actors (the distinction isn't important in practice). Earned or lost through repeated pattern of behaviour. You don't judge the quality of any individual work based on author's reputation,...